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Web Image - this represents only 1/16th to 1/20th of the actual capture.

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Uncropped Image

Question of the Month

How Much can a micro 4/3rds Image be Cropped and Enlarged?

Background: While we were in Panama Mary and I photographed a Harpy Eagle nest, a real photo highlight for the two of us. The bird was about 70 yards away, and I was using an Olympus OM D E Mark II camera, (a micro 4/3rds sensor camera), and a 300mm f4 Zuiko lens and 1.4X tele-converter. Because of the smaller image size, the 420mm of focal length was the equivalent of an 840mm lens on a full-frame camera.

In our Trip Report and on FB I posted several processed images of the Harpy Eagle and they looked great. Images on a computer screen can be misleading, however, so I wanted to do a test to see how a good an enlargement of one of those eagles would be. So I had a 20x30 canvas enlargement made from CG Pro canvas.

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The red oval encircles the full frame image for comparison.


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Cropping in, the enlargement is 16X the original.
On the far right is the original size for comparison
.


The Test: The image in the 20x30 print was extremely cropped, representing, at best, only 1/16th of the actual captured image. In my camera viewfinder, the eagle covered about 3 squares of the focusing blocks -- pretty darn small in the frame.
Look carefully inside the red oval on the image above and you'll see the size difference.

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A tight view of the finished print. I did a very prefunctory job of applying
a little PS Unsharp Mask sharpening on the eagle and Gaussian Blur on the
background - hence the funky edge above the eagle head.

The Results: When I checked the finished print and looked at the eagle up close I was disappointed - the eagle's head and foliage was very pixelated.

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Stepping back, the pixelation was still quite noticeable, but at this point I was still looking at a smally portion of the print, and I'd guess about 1/64th of the original capture on the sensor.

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Then I stepped back, and at a distance of 10', a comfortable distance for viewing and taking the 20x30 print all in , the print looked fine. This reminded me of a painting I examined of Robert Bateman, an incredible wildlife artist from Canada. If you know wildlife art, you know the name. Anyway, I was admiring a painting of a family of grizzly bears on a ridge in Alaska. It looked great, and seemed to have plenty of detail. However, when I stepped in close to admire that detail I discovered that there was none, and that the bears practically disappeared as separate brush strokes. It was amazing, and I wondered how in the world one could even paint that way, as at an arm's length/paint brush distance, the bear and her cubs were not really discernible. I wondered if he used reverse magnification lenses (if there is such a thing) in order to paint this. This discovery didn't lessen my appreciation of the painting -- instead I was even more impressed with Bateman's incredible talent.

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On dispaly, as seen from a normal viewing distance

Hung on the wall, above a 36 inch (long) print that was only cropped by about a third (two-thirds of the original is in the print) and viewed from anywhere in the room the print looks fine. If anyone climbed a ladder and put their face a foot or two from the print, it would show the pixelation. At a normal viewing distance, it did not.

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Here's the 4.5x7 inch print I did to test how this
cropped image might appear in a book. At 7 inches
it was acceptable, and would be quite acceptable
if printed at a smaller size
.


Finally, as a final test, I made a 4x7 inch print on regular paper, testing to see if at 4x7 inches would be suitable for publication in a book. The result - the image is not razor sharp but would be usable, especially if printed at a slightly smaller size. I've done several books now where many of the images are only 3.5 inches on the long side -- and at that size the cropped eagle would do quite well.

Conclusion: You might totally disagree with me but I am not obsessed with how many megapixels a camera has (within limits, of course). Those that disagree will argue that they want great detail in their landscape shots -- hence more mexapixels. I'd counter with, at what distance are you looking at a big print?

In this test, it should be obvious that I absolutely pushed the limit on cropping. The 20x30 print is something like 170X larger than the sensor capture, and that 20x30 print represented only 1/16th or less of that capture. I was truly enlarging a very, very small portion of the sensor, around one million pixels out of 20 million on the full sensor.

A larger image size is always best, but a sharp lens can capture incredible detail. I'd have loved to have shot that was essentially full-frame, but I couldn't get that close. So I didn't have a big image size here, but I'm confident that anyone who sees this Harpy Eagle canvas on our wall, especially if they're a birder or bird photographer, is going to say 'Wow!' At a comfortable, normal viewing distance the image works -- and I'm happy to have it on our wall!


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